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1699 Guru Gobind Singh Ji founded the Khalsa at Anandpur Sahib on Vaisakhi 1606 Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev Ji — first Sikh martyr under Mughal Emperor Jahangir 1762 Vadda Ghallughara — Ahmad Shah Durrani's massacre of over 20,000 Sikhs 1849 Annexation of Punjab by the British East India Company 1897 Battle of Saragarhi — 21 Sikh soldiers defend against 10,000 Afghan tribesmen — no retreat 1469 Birth of Guru Nanak Dev Ji in Nankana Sahib (now Pakistan) 1799 Maharaja Ranjit Singh captures Lahore, beginning the Sikh Empire 1708 Guru Gobind Singh Ji proclaims Guru Granth Sahib as the eternal living Guru 1699 Guru Gobind Singh Ji founded the Khalsa at Anandpur Sahib on Vaisakhi 1606 Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev Ji — first Sikh martyr under Mughal Emperor Jahangir 1762 Vadda Ghallughara — Ahmad Shah Durrani's massacre of over 20,000 Sikhs 1849 Annexation of Punjab by the British East India Company 1897 Battle of Saragarhi — 21 Sikh soldiers defend against 10,000 Afghan tribesmen — no retreat 1469 Birth of Guru Nanak Dev Ji in Nankana Sahib (now Pakistan) 1799 Maharaja Ranjit Singh captures Lahore, beginning the Sikh Empire 1708 Guru Gobind Singh Ji proclaims Guru Granth Sahib as the eternal living Guru